Joachim Schult trans Inge Moore, Curious Boating Inventions,Taplinger Publishing Co, 1974

BUOYANT SEA-BOOT BY ARNOLD LOUIS HOWARTH, ENGLAND, 1930

We must not fail to include in this selection a muscle-driven propeller which was patented as early as 1897 by Christian Petersen of Hamburg, Germany and is still used on lifeboats today. The transmission is driven by one pair or several pairs of foot pedals and hand levers simultaneously. In other words, it is the combined hand and foot effort which, via a chain drive, drives the propeller shaft.